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一、认识换热器 About heat exchanger1、换热器形式——翅片式Fin type
2、换热器形式——板式Plate-type
3、换热器形式——管壳式 Shell-and-tube
二、换热器系统 Heat exchanger system
1.风冷/冷风系统 Air cooling/cold air system
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2、风冷/冷水系统 Air cooling / cold water system
3、水冷/冷风系统 Water cooling/cold air system
三、冷凝器的结构和特点
Condenser structure and characteristics
1.风冷/空气冷却式冷凝器Air-cooled
空气常呈逆流，与水冷式冷凝器比较，效率较低，适用于中小机组。Air is often countercurrent, which is less efficient than water-cooled condensers, and is used in small and medium-sized generators.
2.卧式壳管式冷凝器Horizontal shell - tube condenser
端盖内有隔板，以将换热管分隔成几个流程，多采用偶数流程，使接管在同一侧。制冷剂走壳程，即R22在管外冷凝，上部进气，从下部排出。冷却水走管程；下进上出。水与R22逆向流动。传热系数较高（与风冷比较），冷却水耗量少（与立式比较），应用广泛。
There is a partition in the end cover to divide the heat exchange tube into several processes, and most of the even-numbered processes are used to make the pipes on the same side. The refrigerant travels through the shell side,R22 condenses outside the tube, enters the air in the upper part, and discharges from the lower part. The cooling water runs through the pipe; the bottom goes in and the top goes out. Water and R22 flow in the opposite direction. The heat transfer coefficient is higher (compared with air cooling), the cooling water consumption is low (compared with the vertical type), and it is widely used.
3.板式冷凝器 Plate-type condenser
板片由不锈钢薄片冲压成型，制冷剂和冷却水在薄片间隔流动，接触充分，换热效率高。板式换热器只需要管壳式换热器面积的1/2～1/4 即可达到同样的换热效果，但阻力损失少、占地小，制造工艺比较复杂，价格高，易堵塞。
The plates are stamped and formed by stainless steel sheets. The refrigerant and cooling water flow between the sheets, with sufficient contact and high heat exchange efficiency. The plate heat exchanger only needs 1/2 to 1/4 of the area of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger to achieve the same heat exchange effect, but with less resistance loss, small footprint, complicated manufacturing process, high price, and easy blockage.
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